Cereals and Ag Development: For the Health of It!
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Washington, DC United States

Various cereals are grown around the world and have assorted purposes. Some are prominently supported in agriculture development projects whereas others are ignored. Certain uses of cereal grains have come under scrutiny as to their value in ensuring food security and health while other uses are assumed to be beneficial and healthy. The presentation reviewed cereal grains grown around the world, their origin, and their typical uses; compare their nutritional and agronomic similarities and differences; and present evidence to help frame debate on their appropriate end uses, and roles in crop diversification and development investments.
Globally, maize, rice, and wheat, account for about 85 percent of cereals grown. Roughly one-third of the annual global production of these cereals is used for animal feed while almost 10 percent is used to produce liquid fuels. Minor cereals (barley, sorghum, millet, oats, triticale, rye, fonio, and teff) are primarily used for human food and beverages with limited use for animal feed.
Cutting-edge research is now only beginning to reveal the relationships between cereals in the diet, gut micro flora, metabolism, and health. Future development projects in cereal value chains may want to include long-term health implications as a part of their rationale and justification.
Supporting Documents:
- Belay, G., A.A. Gebeyaneh, C. Oduori, M. Sorrells and N. Wanyera. 2009. Genetic improvement, technology dissemination and seed system development in African chloridoid cereals, Grant No. 06-448, Consolidated Annual Scientific Progress Report. McKnight Foundation Collaborative Crop Research Program, Minneapolis, MN.
- Cassman, K.G. 1999. Ecological intensification of cereal production systems: Yield potential, soil quality, and precision agriculture. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. Vol. 96, pp. 5952–5959.
- Delcour, J.A. and R.C. Hoseney. 2010. Principles of Cereal Science and Technology, Third Edition. AACC International Press, St. Paul, MN.
- European Food Information Council. 2009. Whole Grain Fact Sheet. EUFIC, Brussels, Belgium.
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 2012. Crop Prospects and Food Situation. FAO Trade and Markets Division, Rome, Italy.
- National Research Council. 1996. Lost Crops of Africa. Volume I: Grains. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
- United Sorghum Checkoff Program. 2010. Sorghum: An Ancient, Healthy and Nutritious Old World Cereal. USCP, Lubbock, TX.
- Walter, J., R.A. Britton and S. Roos. 2011. Host-microbial symbiosis in the vertebrate gastrointestinal tract and the Lactobacillus reuteri paradigm. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. Vol. 108 Supplement 1, pp. 4645-4652.



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